Role of oxidative stress in ERK and p38 MAPK activation induced by the chemical sensitizer DNFB in a fetal skin dendritic cell line

The intracellular mechanisms involved in the early phase of dendritic cell (DC) activation upon contact with chemical sensitizers are not well known. The strong skin sensitizer 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) was shown to induce the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in DC. In the present study, we investigated a putative role for oxidative stress in DNFB-induced MAPK activation and upregulation of the costimulatory molecule CD40. In a DC line generated from fetal mouse skin, DNFB induced a significant increase in protein oxidation, measured by the formation of carbonyl groups, while it had almost no effect on lipid peroxidation. The antioxidants glutathione and vitamin E, which inhibit protein and lipid oxidation, respectively, were used to assess the role of oxidative stress in DNFB-induced MAPK activation. Glutathione, but not vitamin E, inhibited DNFB-induced p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 phosphorylation, whereas none of the antioxidants interfered significantly with the DNFB-induced upregulation of CD40 protein levels. Taken together, these results indicate that DNFB activates p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 via production of reactive oxygen species, and that protein oxidation plays an important role in MAPK activation

Aluminum and Sulphate Removal by a Highly Al-Resistant Dissimilatory Sulphate-Reducing Bacteria Community

A highly Al-resistant dissimilatory sulphatereducing bacteria community was isolated from sludge of the wetland of Urgeiriça mine (community W). This community showed excellent sulphate removal at the presence of Al3+. After 27 days of incubation, 73,86 and 81% of sulphate was removed in the presence of 0.48, 0.90 and 1.30 mM of Al3+, respectively. Moreover,Al3+ was simultaneously removed: 55,85 and 78% of metal was removed in the presence of 0.48, 0.90 and 1.30 mM of Al3+, respectively. The dissociation of aluminiumlactate soluble complexes due to lactate consumption by dissimilatory sulphate-reducing bacteria can be responsible for aluminum removal, which probably precipitates as insoluble aluminium hydroxide. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene showed that this community was mainly composed by bacteria closely related to Desulfovibrio desulfuricans. However, bacteria affiliated to Proteus and Ralstonia were also present in the community

Review of technology‐supported multimodal solutions for people with dementia

Funding Information: This research was partially funded by FAITH project (H2020?SC1?DTH?2019?875358), CARELINK project (AAL?CALL?2016?049), and Funda??o para a Ci?ncia e Tecnologia through the program UIDB/00066/2020 (CTS?Center of Technology and Systems).Acknowledgments: The authors acknowledge the European Commission for its support and partial funding; the partners of the research project FAITH project (H2020?SC1?DTH?2019?875358); and CARELINK, AAL?CALL?2016?049 funded by AAL JP and co?funded by the European Commission and National Funding Authorities of Ireland, Belgium, Portugal, and Switzerland. Partial support also comes from Funda??o para a Ci?ncia e Tecnologia through the program UIDB/00066/2020 (CTS?Center of Technology and Systems). Funding Information: Acknowledgments: The authors acknowledge the European Commission for its support and partial funding; the partners of the research project FAITH project (H2020‐SC1‐DTH‐2019‐875358); and CARELINK, AAL‐CALL‐2016‐049 funded by AAL JP and co‐funded by the European Commission and National Funding Authorities of Ireland, Belgium, Portugal, and Switzerland. Partial support also comes from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia through the program UIDB/00066/2020 (CTS—Center of Technology and Systems). Funding Information: Funding: This research was partially funded by FAITH project (H2020‐SC1‐DTH‐2019‐875358), CARELINK project (AAL‐CALL‐2016‐049), and Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia through the program UIDB/00066/2020 (CTS—Center of Technology and Systems). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.The number of people living with dementia in the world is rising at an unprecedented rate, and no country will be spared. Furthermore, neither decisive treatment nor effective medicines have yet become effective. One potential alternative to this emerging challenge is utilizing supportive technologies and services that not only assist people with dementia to do their daily activities safely and independently, but also reduce the overwhelming pressure on their caregivers. Thus, for this study, a systematic literature review is conducted in an attempt to gain an overview of the latest findings in this field of study and to address some commercially available supportive technologies and services that have potential application for people living with dementia. To this end, 30 potential supportive technologies and 15 active supportive services are identified from the literature and related websites. The technologies and services are classified into different classes and subclasses (according to their functionalities, capabilities, and features) aiming to facilitate their understanding and evaluation. The results of this work are aimed as a base for designing, integrating, developing, adapting, and customizing potential multimodal solutions for the specific needs of vulnerable people of our societies, such as those who suffer from different degrees of dementia.publishersversionpublishe

Traced tensor norms and multiple summing multilinear operators

[EN] Using a general tensor norm approach, our aim is to show that some distinguished classes of summing operators can be characterized by means of an 'order reduction' procedure for multiple summing multilinear operators, which becomes the keystone of our arguments and can be considered our main result. We work in a tensor product framework involving traced tensor norms and the representation theorem for maximal operator ideals. Several applications are given not only to multi-ideals, but also to linear operator ideals. In particular, we get applications to multiple p-summing bilinear operators, (p, q)-factorable linear operators, tau(p)-summing linear operators and absolutely p-summing linear operators, providing a characterization of this later class whenever the absolutely p-summing linear operators take values in an L-p-space.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Spain) [grant number MTM2011-22417], [grant number MTM2012-36740-C02-02].Rueda, P.; Sánchez Pérez, EA.; Tallab, A. (2017). Traced tensor norms and multiple summing multilinear operators. Linear and Multilinear Algebra. 65(4):768-786. https://doi.org/10.1080/03081087.2016.1202186S76878665

Surveying the spirit of absolute summability on multilinear operators and homogeneous polynomials

[EN] We draw a fundamental compendium of the most valuable results of the theory of summing linear operators and detail those that are not shared by known multilinear and polynomial extensions of absolutely summing linear operators. The lack of such results in the theory of non-linear summing operators justifies the introduction of a class of polynomials and multilinear operators that satisfies at once all related non-linear results. Surprisingly enough, this class, defined by means of a summing inequality, happens to be the well known ideal of composition with a summing operator.D. Pellegrino acknowledges with thanks the support of CNPq Grant 401735/2013-3-PVE (Linha 2)-Brazil. P. Rueda acknowledges with thanks the support of the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Spain) MTM2011-22417. E. A. Sanchez Perez acknowledges with thanks the support of the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Spain) MTM2012-36740-C02-02.Pellegrino, D.; Rueda, P.; Sánchez Pérez, EA. (2016). Surveying the spirit of absolute summability on multilinear operators and homogeneous polynomials. Revista de la Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales Serie A Matemáticas. 110(1):285-302. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-015-0224-8S2853021101Achour, D., Dahia, E., Rueda, P., Sánchez-Pérez, E.A.: Factorization of absolutely continuous polynomials. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 405(1), 259–270 (2013)Albiac, F., Kalton, N.: Topics in Banac Space Theory. Springer, Berlin (2005)Alencar, R., Matos, M.C.: Some classes of multilinear mappings between Banach spaces, Publicaciones del Departamento de Análisis Matemático 12, Universidad Complutense Madrid (1989)Bombal, F., Pérez-García, D., Villanueva, I.: Multilinear extensions of Grothendieck’s theorem. Q. J. Math. 55(4), 441–450 (2004)Botelho, G., Braunss, H.-A., Junek, H., Pellegrino, D.: Holomorphy types and ideals of multilinear mappings. Studia Math. 177, 43–65 (2006)Botelho, G., Pellegrino, D.: Scalar-valued dominated polynomials on Banach spaces. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 134, 1743–1751 (2006)Botelho, G., Pellegrino, D.: Absolutely summing polynomials on Banach spaces with unconditional basis. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 321, 50–58 (2006)Botelho, G., Pellegrino, D.: Coincidence situations for absolutely summing non-linear mappings. Port. Math. (N.S.) 64(2), 175–191 (2007)Botelho, G., Pellegrino, D., Rueda, P.: Pietsch’s factorization theorem for dominated polynomials. J. Funct. Anal. 243(1), 257–269 (2007)Botelho, G., Pellegrino, D., Rueda, P.: On composition ideals of multilinear mappings and homogeneous polynomials. Publ. Res. Inst. Math. Sci. 43(4), 1139–1155 (2007)Botelho, G., Pellegrino, D., Rueda, P.: A unified Pietsch domination theorem. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 365, 269–276 (2010)Botelho, G., Pellegrino, D., Rueda, P.: Dominated polynomials on infinite dimensional spaces. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 138(1), 209–216 (2010)Botelho, G., Pellegrino, D., Rueda, P.: Cotype and absolutely summing linear operators. Math. Z. 267(1–2), 1–7 (2011)Botelho, G., Pellegrino, D., Rueda, P.: On Pietsch measures for summing operators and dominated polynomials. Linear Multilinear Algebra 62(7), 860–874 (2014)Çalışkan, E., Pellegrino, D.M.: On the multilinear generalizations of the concept of absolutely summing operators. Rocky Mountain J. Math. 37, 1137–1154 (2007)Carando, D., Dimant, V.: On summability of bilinear operators. Math. Nachr. 259, 3–11 (2003)Carando, D., Dimant, V., Muro, S.: Coherent sequences of polynomial ideals on Banach spaces. Math. Nachr. 282, 1111–1133 (2009)Defant, A., Floret, K.: Tensor norms and operator ideals. North-Holland Mathematics Studies, 176. North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam (1993)Diestel, J., Jarchow, H., Tonge, A.: Absolutely summing operators. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1995)Dimant, V.: Strongly $$p$$ p -summing multilinear operators. J. 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Recém-nascidos leves para a idade gestacional numa população suburbana: incidência e factores de risco

Introdução Foi objectivo deste trabalho de caso-controlo prospectivo e longitudinal conhecer a incidência de recém-nascidos leves para a idade gestacional durante um ano no Hospital Fernando Fonseca, identificar alguns dos possíveis factores de risco e as complicações surgidas até à alta hospitalar. Participantes e métodos Foram incluídos os recém-nascidos com peso abaixo do percentil 10 das Tabelas de Lubchenco e um grupo de controlo com peso adequado. Colheram-se dados do contexto socio-demográfico da famíia, da história materna e do parto. Registaram-se os dados de observação dos recém-nascidos, da ecotransfontanelar e evolução clínica hospitalar. Os recém-nascidos leves para a idade foram classificados em simétricos ou assimétricos e calculou-se um valor 20% inferior ao valor do percentil 10 para identificação de atraso de crescimento mais grave. Na análise estatística as médias foram comparadas pelos testes de análise de variância e Kruskal-'Wallis (para distribuições não normais) e as frequências com o teste do Qui quadrado, calculando-se as respectìvas "odds ratios" com intervalos de confiança a 95%. Resultados De 12-1-98 a 11-1-99 dos 5503 nados vivos no hospital, 199 eram leves para a idade gestacional calculando-se uma incidência de 3,6l%.Foram estudados 193 dos quais 33 prétermos. No grupo de controlo incluíram-se 182 com peso adequado, dos quais 25 prétermos. Encontraram-se diferenças significativas quanto à média das idades das mães, altura e peso pré e no fim da gestação e respectivo Índice de Massa Corporal. As mães dos recém-nascidos leves para a idade gestacional tinham significativamente hábitos tabágicos mais acentuados e história de toxicodependência, vivendo em condições socio-económicas mais difíceis. Em maior número estas mães já tinham tido anteriormente filhos leves para a idade gestacional. A hipertensão arterial, quer prévia quer induzida pela gravidez, complicou mais frequentemente estas gestações. A morbilidade neonatal foi mais acentuada nos recém-nascidos com peso inadequado, traduzida nomeadamente por um maior número de internamentos na Unidade de Neonatologia, duração mais prolongada destes, e de maior número complicações. Verificaram-se também diferenças na presença de anomalias e infecções congénitas assim como de patologia na ecografia transfontanelar. Os recém-nascidos leves prétermos, os simétricos e os sofrendo de um atraso de crescimento mais grave foram os que tiveram maior morbilidade e tempo de intemamento. Conclusões Os nossos dados corroboram a ideia que nascer leve para a idade gestacional é um factor importante de morbilidade neonatal. Alguns dos factores de risco associados a esta condição são susceptíveis de intervenção médica e/ou socio-económica levando à redução da sua incidência e a uma melhoria da saúde materno infantil

Spectrum and Frequency of GJB2 Mutations in a Cohort of 264 Portuguese Nonsyndromic Sensorineural Hearing Loss Patients

OBJECTIVE: To assess the spectrum and prevalence of mutations in the GJB2 gene in Portuguese nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss (NSSHL) patients. DESIGN: Sequencing of the coding region, basal promoter, exon 1, and donor splice site of the GJB2 gene; screening for the presence of the two common GJB6 deletions. STUDY SAMPLE: A cohort of 264 Portuguese NSSHL patients. RESULTS: At least one out of 21 different GJB2 variants was identified in 80 (30.2%) of the 264 patients analysed. Two mutant alleles were found in 53 (20%) of these probands, of which 83% (44/53) harboured at least one c.35delG allele. Twenty-seven (10.2%) of the probands harboured only one mutant allele. Subsequent analysis revealed that the GJB6 deletion del(GJB6-D13S1854) was present in at least 7.4% (2/27) of the patients carrying only one mutant GJB2 allele. Overall, one in five (55/264) of the patients were diagnosed as having DFNB1-related NSSHL, of which the vast majority (53/55) harboured only GJB2 mutations. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides clear demonstration that mutations in the GJB2 gene are an important cause of NSSHL in Portugal, thus representing a valuable indicator as regards therapeutical and rehabilitation options, as well as genetic counseling of these patients and their families

Validação conceitual das características definidoras de diagnósticos de enfermagem respiratórios em neonatos

OBJECTIVE:To develop and validate conceptual and operational definitions for the defining characteristics of the respiratory nursing diagnoses, ineffective breathing pattern, impaired gas exchange and impaired spontaneous ventilation, in newborns.METHODS:This was a methodological study of conceptual validation of the defining characteristics of three respiratory nursing diagnoses, by consensus analysis of a committee of five specialist nurses, and then a group of five non-nursing professionals, using the Delphi technique.RESULTS:After two rounds of evaluation, consensus was obtained that was equal to or greater than 80% on all of the definitions, which were then considered validated.CONCLUSION:The definitions developed for the defining characteristics of three nursing diagnoses were validated with a high level of consensus.OBJETIVO:Elaborar e validar definições conceituais e operacionais para as características definidoras dos diagnósticos de enfermagem respiratórios, Padrão Respiratório Ineficaz, Troca de Gases Prejudicada e Ventilação Espontânea Prejudicada em recém-nascidos.MÉTODOS:Estudo metodológico, de validação conceitual das características definidoras dos três diagnósticos de enfermagem respiratórios por meio da análise de consenso de um comitê de cinco enfermeiras especialistas e de cinco profissionais não enfermeiros, utilizando a técnica Delphi.RESULTADOS:Após duas rodadas de avaliação, obteve-se consenso igual ou superior a 80% na totalidade das definições, sendo consideradas validadas.CONCLUSÃO:As definições elaboradas para as características definidoras dos três diagnósticos de enfermagem foram validadas com elevado grau de consenso.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de EnfermagemUNIFESP, EPESciEL

Million Migrants study of healthcare and mortality outcomes in non-EU migrants and refugees to England: Analysis protocol for a linked population-based cohort study of 1.5 million migrants.

Background: In 2017, 15.6% of the people living in England were born abroad, yet we have a limited understanding of their use of health services and subsequent health conditions. This linked population-based cohort study aims to describe the hospital-based healthcare and mortality outcomes of 1.5 million non-European Union (EU) migrants and refugees in England. Methods and analysis: We will link four data sources: first, non-EU migrant tuberculosis pre-entry screening data; second, refugee pre-entry health assessment data; third, national hospital episode statistics; and fourth, Office of National Statistics death records. Using this linked dataset, we will then generate a population-based cohort to examine hospital-based events and mortality outcomes in England between Jan 1, 2006, and Dec 31, 2017. We will compare outcomes across three groups in our analyses: 1) non-EU international migrants, 2) refugees, and 3) general population of England. Ethics and dissemination: We will obtain approval to use unconsented patient identifiable data from the Secretary of State for Health through the Confidentiality Advisory Group and the National Health Service Research Ethics Committee. After data linkage, we will destroy identifying data and undertake all analyses using the pseudonymised dataset. The results will provide policy makers and civil society with detailed information about the health needs of non-EU international migrants and refugees in England